@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref15040, author = {Donald J Colgan and Patricia A. Hutchings and Marlen Braune}, title = {A multigene framework for polychaete phylogenetic studies}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Basal polychaetes; Rooting; 28S rRNA; U2 snRNA; Histone H3; Cytochrome c oxidase}, doi = {10.1016/j.ode.2005.11.002}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Organisms Diversity & Evolution}, volume = {6}, number = {3}, pages = {220--235}, abstract = {Establishing a robust phylogeny of Polychaeta has proven very difficult using either morphological or molecular datasets. There remain many conflicts between morphological analyses and hypotheses based on DNA data, these being principally derived from 18S rRNA sequences. For this paper we have assembled a dataset for polychaete species with information for gene segments other than 18S rRNA, including 38 new sequences from twenty-one species. 18S rRNA data were also added to this compilation if available for the species. In addition to 18S rRNA, five gene segments covering a broad range of polychaete diversity were available. These are the D1 and D9-10 expansion regions of 28S rRNA, histone H3, snU2 RNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses were conducted. Annelida and Mollusca were reciprocally monophyletic in maximum likelihood analyses but Polychaeta included the cephalopod in maximum parsimony analyses and the patellogastropod in Bayesian analyses. When rooted on the Mollusca, optimal topologies from maximum likelihood analyses showed a recognisable basal group of taxa, including Oweniidae, Chaetopteridae and Amphinomidae. The six studied phyllodocidan families plus Orbiniidae (as the sister group of the scale-worms) formed the next most basal group. All analyses support the inclusion of Echiura, Clitellata and Siboglinidae within polychaetes. Bayesian analyses show Echiura as the sister group of Capitellidae agreeing with previous 18S rRNA results, In contrast, Echiura formed the sister group to Trichobranchidae in maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses. Supra-familial groupings consistently recovered within Polychaeta in the analyses are (i) Terebellida without Ampharetidae; (ii) Scolecida (excepting Orbiniidae); (iii) Eunicidae, Lumbrineridae and Clitellata; and (iv) Cirratuliformia (including Sternaspidae) plus Sabellidae, Serpulidae and Spionidae.} }

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