@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref26241, author = {Pengfei Fan and Yang Liu and Zhechun Zhang and Chao Zhao and Cheng Li and Wulin Liu and Ming Li}, title = {Phylogenetic position of the white-cheeked macaque (Macaca leucogenys), a newly described primate from Southeastern Tibet}, year = {2016}, keywords = {Macaque; new species; mitochondrial DNA; Y chromosome; Tibet}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Molecular Phylogentics and Evolution}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {The recently described macaque species, the white-cheeked macaque Macaca leucogenys, was only diagnosed based on photos, without any specimen measurements or molecular genetic diagnosis. Based on four skin specimens, we studied the genetic diversity and phylogenetic position of M. leucogenys using multilocus sequence data, including mitochondrial and Y chromosomal genes. Skin measurements of four individuals showed that the white-cheeked macaque is robust and larger than M. assamensis but is similar in body size to M. thibetana. Although the holotype male of M. leucogenys was observed to have a round glans penis in three photos and a 15-s video, the current phylogenetic analysis placed this species in the sinica group, which has a sagittate glans penis. Our results confirm full species status of M. leucogenys and indicate that it might have split from its closest relatives c. 2.5 million years ago. The mitochondrial gene tree showed that M. leucogenys is phylogenetically close to M. munzala and M. radiata within the sinica group; however, their relationships were unresolved using a Y chromosomal gene, which indicates possible historical male introgression and interbreeding. Further studies using an integrative approach that combines morphological and ecological characterizations and population-based genome-wide analysis are needed to investigate divergence and reproductive isolation, which are very likely to elucidate mechanisms underlying these Asian macaque radiations. } }

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