@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref28080, author = {Emma Wahlberg and Kjell Arne Johanson}, title = {Molecular phylogenetics reveals unknown relationships within Empidoidea (Diptera)}, year = {2018}, keywords = {Diptera, Empidoidea, Empididae, Hybotidae, Ragadidae, Iteaphilinae}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Systematic Entomology}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Empidoidea represent a large and diverse superfamily of true flies, and to the current date no stable hypothesis on the phylogeny exists. Previous classifications have been based on morphological data and the relationships among several groups are still unknown. Using the mitochondrial genes COI and Cytβ and the nuclear genes CAD, EF-1α and IDH in a Bayesian analysis, we tested the support of higher taxonomic groups within this large superfamily of flies. We re-evaluated previous hypotheses of evolution within the group, and present a highly supported phylogenetic hypothesis. Atelestidae, Dolichopodidae, Empididae and Hybotidae were supported as monophyletic families, with Atelestidae as sister group to remaining Empidoidea. Within the family Hybotidae, Bicellariinae stat. n. formed the sister group to the other subfamilies. The family Ragadidae stat. n. is established to include the subfamily Ragadinae and the new subfamily Iteaphilinae subfam. n.; Ragadidae was sister group to the Empididae. Dolichopodidae was found to form a sister group to Ragadidae plus Empididae. Within Empididae, Hemerodromiinae was found to be a non-monophyletic group. The tribes Hilarini and Hemerodromiini stat. rev. were recovered as sister groups, as were Empidini and Chelipodini stat. rev. The former family Brachystomatidae was found to be nested within Empididae. A revised classification and diagnoses of non-dolichopodid families, subfamilies and tribes are provided.} }

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