@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref22093, author = {Thomas Lecocq and Nicolas Brasero and Denis Michez and Patrick Lhomme and Roland de Jonghe and Irena Valterov? and Pierre Rasmont}, title = {Integrative approach to assess the taxonomic status of insular bumblebees, implication on Corsican bumblebee conservation biology}, year = {2013}, keywords = {Integrative taxonomy, conservation, Island, Corsica, bumblebees}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {Conservation Biology}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Islands are well-known biodiversity hotspots that host a high diversity of endemic species. Unfortunately, insular taxa suffer from high rates of extinction and endangerment. Numerous conservation plans are developed to safeguard a wide range of insular taxa. These conservation plans are often assessed on the basis of occurrence and proportion of endemic species. However, species characterization of insular taxa using biological species concept based on reproductive isolation or on phylogenetic relationship lead to discordant species status. By following an integrative taxonomic approach and a unified species concept, the present study includes molecular, chemical and morphological criteria to establish the taxonomic status of six endemic insular bumblebee taxa from the Corsica Island: Bombus corsicola, Bombus hortorum jonghei, Bombus perezi, Bombus pereziellus, Bombus renardi, and Bombus xanthopus. For each taxa, we characterize the differentiation of Corsican vs. mainland (European) taxa (i) in morphological characters (color pattern, and genitalia), (ii) in two genes (nuclear and mitochondrial, 1622 bp), (iii) in the chemical composition of male marking secretions (MMS), a key trait for mate attraction in bumblebees. Our results show a morphological differentiation (at least in color pattern) and provide evidence for genetic divergence of all Corsican taxa. Likewise, our comparative chemical analyses of MMS indicate that Corsican taxa are significantly differentiated from the mainland. Moreover, each Corsican taxa display divergence at least in one operation criterion from different species concepts, providing evidence of lineage separation is recorded. Therefore Corsican taxa can be considered as different species from their mainland counterparts according to the unified species concept. According to this result, Corsica appears as the largest endemic insular bumblebee fauna in West Palearctic region. This places a premium on conservation plan of the Corsican bumblebee fauna and especially a regulation of importation of alien taxa used in the bumblebee international trade. } }

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